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 发表: 2011-05-21 10:20:53 人气:42888  
Passage Five
Some 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become regular users of the U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people’s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the every way we seek and receive health care.
“The social dynamics of care are changing,” says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies’ ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.
With greater access to individualized health information—whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician—the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.
“For as long as we’ve known, health care has been, I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it,” says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center For Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor’s office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.
These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctor’s offices are still struggle to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records—and some even have partial access to them. The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户) through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.
Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided,” Gomez says.
由于医保（health care: medical care）改革（reform: change, revolution）法案的通过（passage），未来几年，大约二千三百万额外的（additional: extra）美国人（resident: citizen, inhabitant）有望（expect: hope）成为美国医保体系（system）的合法（regular: legal）使用者（user）。数字化（digitizing: digital, numeral）医疗（medical）信息（data: information, message）得到推广（promote: extend, spread），被当做一种帮助已不堪重负的（burdened）体系应对（manage: cope with, deal with, solve, settle）病患（patient: sick）激增（surge: jump）局面的方法。但是，把人们的医疗信息放到（put: lay, place）信息库（database）和网上将不只是简单的（simply）减少（reduce: cut, decrease）负担（redundancy: burden, load, shoulder）。这已经在改变（shift: change, transmit）我们寻求（seek: look for, search）并得到（receive: get, gain, obtain）医保的各种方法，。
“医保的社会（social: societal）力度（dynamics: force, power）在改变（change: shift, transmit），”约翰•戈麦斯说，他是医疗信息技术（technology: technique）公司（company: corporation, firm）“埃克里皮斯”公司的副（vice）总裁（president: director）。他指出（note: indicate, point out），大多数患者可能还不愿意（willing: ready）在Facebook网站上分享（share）其最新的CT扫描（scan）图（image: picture），但是，许多家长（parent）上传（post: deliver, send）了他们孩子的超声波（ultrasound）图，现在，无数（countless）患者使用社会联网（network: net, web）网站（site）分享有关病况（condition: situation）、治疗方法（treatment: cure）以及医生（doctor: physician）等方面的信息。
由于获得个人（individualize: personal. private）信息的途径（access: means, way）更多，无论是通过正规的（formal: normal）电子（electronic: electric）医疗病历（medical record），还是自己建立（create: build, establish, found, set）的个人（personal: individual, private）医保记录，或者是与医生（physician: doctor）的迅即信息（instant-messaging）交流（session: communication, meeting, talk），医生和患者的传统（traditional: conventional）角色（role: part）正在经历（undergo: experience）巨大的（rapid: big, huge, large）变革（transition: change, shift）。
“就我们所知，医保一直是这样，我去找医生，医生告诉我做什么，于是我就做了，”尼图•卡西亚伯说，他是耶鲁医疗信息中的医生和研究人员（researcher）。不久，在收到病历后——最新的检查（test: examination）结果（result: outcome）以及为其病症（concern: illness, problem, sickness）推荐的（recommended）药品（article: drug, medicine），更多患者会到医院（hospital），或去找医生。甚至更多人可能不进行这样的拜访（visit），而是发送（send: convey, deliver）文本（text）信息（message: data, information）或电子邮件（e-mail）给医生，或者参考（consult: refer）自己的医疗病历，或咨询智能电话应用系统（application）来解答他们的问题。
全国范围的电子医疗病历改革将强化（strengthen: enhance, improve, intensify）这种变革，电子医疗病历的改革已经开始。虽然大多数（majority: most）美国医院和医生的诊断室还在努力（struggle: fight, try）开始这种变革（changeover: change, shift, transition），但是，许多患者已经有了电子医疗病历，有些甚至有部分（part）权限（access）查看这些病历。达拉斯的德克萨斯大学西南医疗中心克利夫兰诊所（clinic）使用的“我的图表（chart: picture）”程序（program: device, plan, project, scheme）以及其它设施（facilities: instrument），是一个网络门户，患者可以通过这个门户查看基本的（basic: essential）医疗信息以及一些检查结果。
医疗信息正在成为一种全新的数字生活，戈麦斯说，它正在为如何提供（provide: give, offer, supply）医保开启（jump-starting: open, start）一场重要（fundamental: important, significant, vital）变革。
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| 知道北大的辅导太晚了,估计这次没希... (严小平,37351,2011-05-23 10:00:14) | | 非常感谢. (刘海斌,38423,2011-05-24 09:11:45) | | 下次上北大辅导学习。 (何鸿业,40959,2011-05-26 10:11:44) | | 这种方法好。 (柳国宏,23920,2011-05-27 09:25:36) | | 这个方法非常好。 (侯红波,21405,2011-06-13 08:23:47) | | 非常感谢. (李慧慧,24998,2011-06-18 10:45:16) | | 这个方法不错。 (鼠标不听话,23877,2011-06-27 08:57:36) | | 非常感谢. (骑着大象去旅游,28058,2011-07-10 13:37:17) |
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