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 发表: 2011-05-21 10:11:31 人气:1692400  
曹其军教授同等学力词汇记忆：根据阅读文章记单词
单词记忆一直是同等学力英语考生最头疼的事。因为记单词本身很枯燥，而且在没有语境的情况下很难记住，常常是一边记忆，一边遗忘，况且我们的考生又都是已经参加工作多年的成人！所以很多考生对此感到很苦恼。本书的目的就是帮助考生解决这个问题——根据历年同等学力英语考试的阅读真题记单词。曹其军教授将1997年以来历年考试阅读文章翻译成中文，并且给出重点词汇的英文及其同义词或近义词，这样，考生就可以根据一个单词记住一连串的词汇。这些重点词汇基本上覆盖了同等学力英语一些经常出现和常考的内容。通过这种方法记单词，效率高，印象深，不易忘记，而且对阅读理解和英译汉也有很大帮助。这种记单词的方法推出后受到学员的热烈欢迎，取得了满意的效果。
2010年真题阅读文章词汇记忆
Passage One
Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.
Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.
The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.
The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.
Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.
Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends, and more likely that society will reject them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.
孤独（loneliness）与沮丧（depression: frustration）和其它健康（health）问题有关（link: combine, connect, unite）。现在，一项研究（study: investigation, research, survey）声称，孤独也会传播（spread: grow, improve, transmit）。一个孤独（lonely: alone）人的朋友有百分之五十二的可能性（likely: possible）会演变成（develop: grow, improve）有孤独感（feeling: sense）。那个朋友的朋友有百分之二十五的可能性会有孤独感。
早期的发现（finding: discovery）显示（show: display, reveal, suggest），幸福（happiness: joy, welfare）、肥胖（fatness: thickness）以及戒（stop: quit）烟（smoking）的能力（ability: capacity, competence, power, skill）也可能像传染病（infection）一样在社会（social: societal）群体（group: team）中传播（grow: improve, spread, transmit）。这些发现都来自于美国马萨诸塞州一个名为弗雷明翰的城镇所进行的一项重要（major: chief, important, significant）健康研究。
该研究始于一九四八年，是为了调查（investigate: examine, study, survey）心脏病（heart disease）的病因（cause: factor, reason）。从那时起，增加（add: enhance, increase）了更多试验（test: examination, experiment），包括测量（measure: survey）孤独和沮丧。
新发现涉及（involve: relate）到五千多名弗雷明翰心脏研究的第二代（generation）人。研究人员（researcher）查验（examine: check, investigate, survey）了友谊（friendship: fellowship）史（history）以及有关孤独的报告（report: paper）。结论（result: conclusion, outcome）确立（establish: build, create, found, set）了这样一种模式（pattern: fashion, mode, way）——报道自己几乎没有亲密（close）朋友的人会传播。
比如，孤独可能影响（affect: effect, impact, influence, shape）邻居（neighbor）之间的关系（relationship: connection, link, relation）。孤独会在曾经是好友如今相处时间很少的邻里间传播。研究还发现，与男性相比，孤独更易在女性中传播。
该研究是来自于芝加哥大学、哈弗大学、加利福利亚大学以及圣地亚哥大学的研究人员所做的。研究发现发表（appear: publish）在上个月的《个性（personality: character, nature, quality, trait）与社会心理学（psychology）》杂志（journal: magazine）上。
据说，普通（average: common）人（person: individual）一年大约有四十八天会有（experience: have, possess）孤独感。该研究发现，有孤独的朋友可能增加大约十七天。但是，每增加（additional）一个朋友会减少（decrease: cut, reduce）大约百分之五的孤独感，或者两天半的孤独感。
孤独的人会越来越不信任（trust: believe in）别人。这使得他们交朋友（make friends）会越来越难（difficult: hard, tough），社会（society: community, world）也越可能排斥（reject: abandon, discard）他们。
芝加哥大学的约翰•卡乔波主导（lead: control, dominate, master）该研究。他说，鉴别（recognize: distinguish）并排除（deal with: cope with, solve, tackle）孤独很重要（important: significant, vital）。他指出，那些被社会边缘化（push to the edges）的人们应该得到（receive: gain, get, obtain）帮助，以便修复（repair: fix, mend）他们的社交网（network: net, web）。
目标（aim: end, goal, object, objective, purpose, target）应该是建立（create: build, establish, found, set, settle）他所谓的（call: name）预防孤独的“防护（protective）屏障（barrier）”。他说，这种屏障可以防止（keep: prevent）整个网络瓦解（come apart: breakdown, collapse, overthrow）。
(详见北大辅导班教材) |
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